The Health Benefits Of Breast Feeding - 1451 Words

One of the biggest decisions young mothers have to make today is the choice of how and what their babies. Basically, when it comes down to it, there are only two choices, breastfeeding or bottle/formula feeding. Breast feeding is simply the baby sucking milk from the mother’s breasts, while formula feeding is manufactured food fed to the baby with a bottle. There are arguments for and against one or the other, but which is actually better? Below we will examine the pros and cons of both methods, in an effort to understand if one is truly better than the other. First we will look at the pros of Breast-feeding. According to the Office on Women’s Health, the decision to breastfeed is an investment in your baby’s future. This is because breastfeeding allows a mother to make the perfect food essential for her baby’s growth and lifetime health (Breastfeeding, 2014). There are numerous health benefits to the baby, the mother, as well as other benefits. These benefits are as follows. There are nutritional benefits. During pregnancy and right after the baby is born, the mother makes thick, gold colored milk called colostrum. This milk, rich in nutrients, contains antibodies that protect the baby from infections. It also helps the baby’s digestive system to grow and function. After the first few days the colostrum changes to mature milk, which is thinner, but has all the nutrients and antibodies the baby needs for healthy growth (Breastfeeding, 2014). These nutrients and antibodiesShow MoreRelatedThe Benefits Of Breast Feeding902 Words   |  4 Pages The Benefits of Breast Feeding Since the invention of formula mothers have had trouble deciding how best to go about feeding their children. Each mother has their own preferred feeding technique, some of whom chose to use both feeding methods depending on the situation. For some mothers breast feeding is not a viable option for reasons such as lactation issues, busy schedules, and secondary care givers (Health Psychology). For those mothers whom are able and willing to breast feed their infantsRead MoreEssay on Breast-Feeding vs Formula876 Words   |  4 Pagesa mother and family can make is the option of breast milk or formula. In a growing society where mothers are given dirty looks for nursing in public, or media outlets rage in disapproval to mothers that share nursing stories, it almost seems crazy not to pick up a bottle and feed a child. Our society has made formula feeding a â€Å"norm† and had turned its back to mothers that ponder the choice of breast-feeding. This is a complete shame; breast -feeding is a natural practice of human development. Read MoreBreast Feeding Versus Bottle Feeding886 Words   |  4 PagesBreast Feeding Versus Bottle Feeding There are many different myths and opinions about breast-feeding and how it is beneficial for a child, some women and even men choose to view the breast as a sexual object, although in reality it is meant for the purpose of nourishing an infant. As for the other half of women around the world, many believe breast-feeding is the most natural way to feed a child as they receive the vitamins and minerals a youngster needs to grow up strong. Breast-Feeding and BottleRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma of Midwives of Women Who Choose to Bottle Feed1013 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscuss the ethical dilemma, which midwives have to deal with, when a woman choose to bottle-feed their babies, who do not have any medical requirement not to breastfeed. In addition, why bottle-feeding their babies is the women choice. Why breast-feeding is, better for mother and baby than bottle-feeding. Women who choose to bottle-feed. Woman who choose to bottle-feed their babies, can decide why they bottle-feed, through a number of factors. The womans age; her level of education; her culturalRead MoreBreastfeeding Is Beneficial For A Mother s Mental Health Essay1443 Words   |  6 PagesMental health Breastfeeding is beneficial not just for a mother’s physical health, but also a mother’s mental health. A pregnancy can cause large amounts of stress for a mother, and breastfeeding seems to sometimes contribute to that stress. When a mother decides to breastfeed, she makes the commitment to wake up in the middle of the night to feed her baby instead of giving her husband half of the responsibility by bottle feeding. This causes the mother to lose significant amounts of sleepRead MoreBreastfeeding VS Formula Bottle-feeding Essay1112 Words   |  5 PagesBottle-feeding Every mother of a newborn baby must make a very personal decision when it comes to how they are going to feed their infant. I was faced with that decision 3 years ago when I had my first son who I named Ethen. It was one of the very hardest decisions I had to make. I had to consider all the good benefits of breast feeding as well as the benefits of formula bottle-feeding, but the good benefits of breastfeeding outnumbered the bottle feeding ones. I finally decided that breast feedingRead MoreThe Benefits of Breastfeeding Essay997 Words   |  4 Pageswith important implications for the health of mothers† Statement taken from the world health organization publication on the nutrition of exclusive breastfeeding. The first years of life are the most crucial years for brain, immune system and overall physiological development. This is why, it is extremely important to achieve optimal nutrition standards in these early years. Studies have shown that having optimum nutrition in infancy can lead to profound benefits throughout the lifespan of the personRead MoreBreast Feding vs. Formula Feeding862 Words   |  4 PagesBreast Feeding vs. Formula Feeding There are advantages and disadvantages to both breastfeeding and formula feeding. Some things to consider when deciding which to choose are: cost, convenience, nutrition, and the health benefits to both the baby and to the mother. In terms of cost, an advantage to breastfeeding is that breast milk is free. Its estimated that breastfeeding can save you thousands of dollars a year, depending on the brand of formula that would have been used instead. AccordingRead MoreEssay Breast Feeding Is Best1577 Words   |  7 PagesBreast Feeding Is Best Breast feeding not only provides the perfect food and food delivery system for infants, it is also the most family friendly choice a new mother can make. Human breast milk contains at least one hundred ingredients not found in cows milk and that cannot be exactly duplicated in commercial formulas (Eisenburg 3). As a baby grows and changes, breast milk automatically individualizes itself for each infant. The nutrients in breast milk alterRead MoreThe Benefits Of Breastfeeding For Mothers875 Words   |  4 PagesThe Benefits of Breastfeeding Since the invention of formula mothers have had trouble deciding how best to go about feeding their children. Each mother has their own preferred feeding technique, some of whom chose to use both feeding methods depending on the situation. For some mothers breastfeeding is not a viable option for reasons such as lactation issues, busy schedules, and secondary caregivers (Health Psychology). For those mothers whom are able and willing to breastfeed their infants there

Tourism in Porto Free Essays

Porto is situated in the north of Portugal. It is the second most visited city by tourists after Lisbon, the capital. I am going to inform about where the tourists most like to spend their time, how much time they spend in Porto, when about in the year they come, to explain why tourists come to Porto, what they like and dislike about the city, and describe what the whole city is about. We will write a custom essay sample on Tourism in Porto or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many tourists that come to Porto. They like to go and see cultural, historical monuments and places that are significant to Portugal. They usually go and see the famous bridges like the Ponte D. Luis, Ponte d’Arribida. This bridge is made of concrete and it set the world record for concrete bridges for some time. It has an arch, 52m tall and the plate is 70m above water level. There is a river, called River Douro, which separates the city of Porto from Gaia. Almost all the port wine warehouses are located in the riverbank. Tourists like to go and see them, and as they go to the Gaia side, they all go to the restaurants in Cais de Gaia – which is a pacific place where there are many restaurants and some pubs. Other places where tourists enjoy going are the monuments, and the important buildings. The one I am most interested in is the Clirigos tower; it has a historical meaning, and it is one of the highest monuments in Portugal. It is located near the downtown. This tower has a church connected to it, called the Clirigos church. These buildings are a baroque and rococo piece of work. All the historical excitement lies in the museums, Serralves Foundation – Contemporary Art Museum, Tram Museum, Romantic Museum, Soares dos Reis national museum and many more. The tourists which come to Porto in May / June or September / October are usually over 50. Some French, English, Italian and Spanish people come in July / August, but most of the Spanish people prefer to come in December. Tourists usually stay from one to three days in Porto. In the year 2001, there were more tourists than ever, because Porto was nominated to be the capital of culture in Europe. In that year, 126594 tourists came to Porto. In December 1996, Porto was taken to the world patrimony. I did some interviews to some tourists in the Ribeira, and in the Cais de Gaia. I asked them what they didn’t like in the city. Some people liked the city as it was although some thought that there should be some improvements to make. Some people enjoyed being in Porto despite the fact that the roads in the downtown were very confusing, there were not many signals to help them. They also said that they hated the traffic jam in the city centre. Many tourists would like to stay more time because they were enjoying themselves, but some didn’t want to stay. They usually come here for pleasure, for curiosity, historical reasons, and sometimes in business trips. To get to the downtown, and that area of Porto, I think the best way to enjoy most is to go by public bus. If you want to go shopping in the downtown, then you need to go to the Rua de Santa Catarina. The first thing to do is that you have to get on the public bus number 35 or 37, which stops at the Avenida dos Aliados. Then you just walk through the slope, which is Rua 31 de Janeiro, and then turn left, and there you are. If you want to go to the Ribeira, you have to get on the public bus number 01. In order to get on the public buses, you need to buy some bus tickets. They are about 75cents each for 1 trip, there are 10 trip ones which cost about i 7. 50. Make sure that you don’t buy then from inside the bus, because they are double the price! Despite the fact that sometimes the autocarros are very crowded and it doesn’t always have the best conditions to stay on or it doesn’t smell very well, you enjoy it. Nearly every citizen who is not able to drive a car will go by autocarro. As a result, the public buses are usually crowded, but it always depends at what time you go. In the morning most people go to work, so it might get crowded, but just after midday it might be less. The buses and taxi’s have a priority in the city of Porto. They have one track in the road for them. As there are lots of vehicles in the roads, for the buses to get through easily, it was necessary that a track would be built just for buses and taxis. There are many ways to reach the Gaia side. Mainly all of the tourists like going on boats. It takes you on a mini-tour through the River Douro. It takes about 30 minutes. It will show all the famous bridges, the Ribeira, Porto’s edge, Gaia’s edge and the Gaia side. It is a very good opportunity to see both Porto and Gaia together; it’s interesting, and enjoyable. In Porto’s side you will see the Ribeira, although you will be able to see other parts, but not much. While in the Gaia side, you can see the Cais de Gaia, and the Gaia city. Whenever you need to go shopping, there are many places where you can go. For example if you want to go to an open area, with shops – clothes, footwear, toys, cafis and esplanades – there is the Rua de Santa Catarina. On that same road, there is the Via Catarina shopping centre. It has restaurants (Chinese, Italian, Mc Donald’s and many more), shops – to buy clothes, jewellery, decoration, toys†¦ Some people enjoy having fast food, like eating a burger in Mc Donald’s, but other people like eating pizza or pasta (Italian) or Chinese. Whenever I go to a shopping centre, I eat something fast, like a burger or a sandwich – so I can walk around and have fun. Via Catarina is not the only shopping centre in Porto. There is Norteshopping and Maia Shopping, which are in Matosinhos or Maia (Northern side), Arribida Shopping, and Gaia Shopping (in the Gaia side). All of these shopping centres are malls with millions of shops, corridors, and restaurants. Above all else, each shopping centre has cinemas in it! Arribida shopping has 20 cinema rooms, Norteshopping has 8, Gaia Shopping has 6, and Maia shopping has 8. In my opinion, Norteshopping is the best one of them all. It is the largest, with most shops, and the biggest ones. Another reason why I think this shopping centre is the best one is because if you need something, you will always be able to get it. Not a very good aspect about this mall is that Friday and Saturday night (sometimes Sundays) it gets too crowded. You cannot see anything that is in front of you, just will be able to see people. It smells like damp, sometimes muddy and the floor is not always clean, it might have litter and rubbish like chocolate wrappers and tissues – on the top floor mostly, where the restaurants are; you feel sweaty, and hot contrary to how you feel when you’re not in the centres (especially in the winter) In the winter, as it is very cold here in Porto, each weekend, nearly everyone go to the shopping centres, the one which is closest one’s home. People go and get together, go to the cinemas, have lunch / dinner, go shopping; they go with their family, friends, anything! Later on the year, people start going to other parts of Porto, instead of being cramped up into a shopping centre, they go for a walk, in the Avenida do Brasil, go to the Parque da Cidade (City Park) and open areas like that. The city of Porto is the most important in the North of Portugal. This is mainly because it has the most important port called Porto de Leixies. All of the textiles and footwear are made in the North, and those supplies are exported from Porto de Leixies. Many imported items are also collected there. The city isn’t bad at all. It might not have the best weather all time round, but Porto is still a beautiful city, still continuing its tradition, and also developing at the same time. Porto makes me feel glad of what I am. How to cite Tourism in Porto, Papers

Efficiency Issues in Businesses Due Poor Communication

Question: Discuss about theEfficiency Issues in Businesses Due Poor Communication. Answer: Introduction The communication is an important factor in businesses as the internal and external communication in a business make the efforts of the workforce synchronised and drive them towards a common goal. Therefore, the efficiency of the business and the overall profitability of a business depends on the stability and proper use o the communication channels between all parties relevant to the task. Therefore, the communication issues can generate huge problems for an organization and as many separate entities cooperate during a specific process the communication related problems are harder to pinpoint and thus can affect the outcome without arousing any suspicion. The use of the different methods of evaluating the communication process within an organization therefore has been an interesting research topic with myriad facets. Article Analysis The Impact of Corporate Communication in the Contemporary Business of Bosnia And Herzegovina The effect of poor communication has been a much discussed topic for the business world not only because of the effect on the performance and the efficiency of the company but also the prevalence and the high chance of the problem. Therefore, in the article about Bosnia the value of the communication has been seen as an essential element of the business process. The communication in the different levels of the business needs to follow a specific pattern as the flow of information is complex and often is relayed to the other groups that might lead to failure of the whole business. Therefore, the planning of the communication channels that will conduct and carry information during the process has been emphasised by the article as the importance or the physical evidence for tm the practice and implementation has already established the value of the proper communication. It is also insinuated that eh higher the level of the communication the more the impact of the misinformation will aff ect the efficiency (Sandberg Abrahamsson, 2010). Therefore, the value of communication for a business is focused on in this literature. The overall impact of the failed communication channels affecting efficiency of all levels of the organization and affecting the overall process is infinite and thus the need to pre plan the communication channels is emphasised in the article. Therefore, the scope of the problem to permeate every aspect of the organization is seen as a very real possibility with devastating impacts. Therefore, the competitiveness in the market prompts the companies to grasp even a little chance of efficiency to maintain the market position. Therefore, in the cases, the highly competitive market in the region the value of proper communication is established. Communication in Business Practice: Its Central Role in Supply Chain Management The importance of the inter business communication has been emphasised in the article and the different cases has been used to define the need for the communication for the business in various degrees. The examples are used to emphasise the problems that can be caused with miscommunication and a business can be affected in many ways. The cases of the different business transaction and tin in B2B capacity can be affected by the lack of proper communication between the parties and the overall scope of the business relation. The use of the various cases emphasised on the point as the miscommunication and lack of proper business communication between the parties (Ross, 2013). The different communicating parties and the individual efficiency that can be judged by their efficient business communication process is reflected in their external operations and the channels are not clear in the operations of the organization are reflected by their external efficiency. Thus, the reputation of the company of being capable, there is much need for a stable and proper communication channels between all employees relevant to a process that might come under scrutiny from external sources. Therefore, the supply chain management and the communication between the different parts of the supply chain about the condition of the item being supplied (Fehric Zekic,2015,). Therefore, if the company and more specifically all parts of the company have proper communication they an help answer the queries of the other party without any issues and thus might raise the companys specific response that might result in lasting business relations mutually beneficial for both parties (Constantinescu, 2013). Although it is not mentioned in the article, the personal level of this is also true as the customer are specify on the individual issues. Intercultural Communication in Business This article focuses on the different parts of the business and the organization culture being against the communication factor. The issues arising from the cross cultural communication problem where the workers are from different cultures and the mitigation of the problem has been discussed along with scope of the problem (Argenti, 2015). The organizational culture being an amalgamating of the business prospects of the company being represented by the people from different culture coexisting. Therefore, the communication gap and chance of misinterpretation of a message that can affect the operational efficiency of the organization is put into question mark. Therefore, the establishment of neutral channel of communication independent f the cultural backgrounds of the workforce should not only make the relaying the information easier but also engender a sense of unity that will raise the moral of the company employees(Bovee, Courtland. 2012). From these articles, it is clear that the efficiency of the workforce is directly related to the communication process and its efficiency (Okoro, 2012). Therefore, the ample evidence from existing literature can be obtained to support the stand made in this article. Summary For developing a strong and successful organization, building up relationship is an imperative criterion. To build up cordial accord with the employees and employers, it is crucial that effective communication practices shall be developed within a particular business. But alongside to the significance of effective communication patterns, there remain severe chances of poor communication channels in each and every workplace. Often there remain severe chances that the bosses in the hierarchy level may not have received important emails or messages from subordinates or the minors (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). This is mainly because of lack of effective communication will restrain the overall productivity of the management. Therefore it is worthwhile in mentioning the subsequent importance in building up promising future of any particular organization. Poor communication within a organization, (oral, verbal or written) can even obstruct the overall success of the business. Vague email messa ges that actually need clear clarification and the documents that are erroneous in nature shall be presented with uniform presentations. With the effective business communication skills within the business environment is therefore crucial element for accomplishing the organizational objectives. Since a company comprises of employees from different backgrounds, race, culture, values and beliefs, it is important for each and every member to team up for accomplishing the desired results for improving the department skills exponentially. Unless and until there is clear communication skills, the company projects will definitely slow down and become inefficient in completing the organizational objectives. Business communication skills usually influence the morale of each and every single employee (Fan, et al., 2015). Presence of two way communication among the workforce and the hierarchy will positively empower the productivity, creative skills and the employees will be able to gain inspiration. Moreover, if the workplace is attributable to poor business communication skills among the workers, there the workers and the employees might get demoralized in valuing the projects such that the same even can cripple the innovative skills of the employees and the same however can decline the positive contribution towards the society (Krum, 2013). The potential of the employees to innovate and create can cordial accord with the directors and managers and successful businesses are those that endeavour with positive communication channels among the employees and employers. This section of the report addresses the potential flaws that large as well as SMEs can face in absence of adequate two-way communication. Communication is actually a complex term and can be of several types like as intrapersonal, group communication, public communication, mass communication and machine assisted communication (Thomson, et al., 2015). Communication seems to be not just important aspects for success of the business, but the same is an important factor that can improve the sense of humanness among each and every workers. Communication skills actually help human beings for reaching out to another person and that improves the flexibility of each and every single employee and the same drives up the expressiveness and critical thinking skills. The managerial activities and the functions therefore definitely involve two-way communication which redirect and lead the managerial decision making skills and organizational practices. The chosen articles in the above section address the need of communication at the workplaces and the consequences that can be met by the each and every employee, if there is lack of effective communication channels. Workplaces shall be attributable to circular communication patterns that can drive up the organizational success of the business. Factors resulting to poor communication can decline the staff morale and the motivation of the employees. Communication barriers within any management can be of many types like as perceptual barriers, emotional barriers, language barriers, physical barriers and cultural barriers. It is essential for every business organization to overcome the communication barriers (Meuter, et al., 2015). Communication problems are not only speaking some words, rather it is the transfer of the emotions, intentions, beliefs and the sentiments with others working at the same organization. Retrieving from the communication barriers can be accomplished from the pro per training practices. Entitlement of each and every single employee towards the listening and learning skills, and accordingly development of the controversial skills and abilities might involve the improvement of the negotiation skills and the abilities in sending and receiving the information in a timely manner. Most of the organizations usually possess a healthy combination of employees from different cultural backgrounds and diverse ethnicities and religions. Therefore, it is important for each and every single employee in improving the level of harmony among each and every single employee for facilitating the organizational success. Diversity and inclusivity can accordingly help in grooming each and every single staff to leverage the diversities and accordingly develop the efficiencies of the workers. Encouraging the employees to take participation in the training practices can help in building up uniform work culture and can further promote inclusivity among the key workers of the management. The sa me can be done only through the existence of the interpersonal relations. Overcoming the language barriers might influence in resolving the physical barriers as well as the same can help in dealing with the subordinates effectively. Therefore, it is imperative that the effects of communication shall be examined and accordingly effective remedial actions shall be adopted soon to wipe off the negative effects of poor communication. References Argenti, P. A. (2015). Corporate communication. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Arnold, E. C., Boggs, K. U. (2015).Interpersonal relationships: Professional communication skills for nurses. Elsevier Health Sciences. Austin, E. W., Pinkleton, B. E. (2015).Strategic Public Relations Management: Planning and Managing Effective Communication Campaigns(Vol. 10). Routledge. Bovee, Courtland. (2012). Business Communication Today, 10/e. Pearson Education India. Constantinescu, A. L. (2013). Intercultural communication in business. Calitatea, 14(2), 610. Fan, S. P., Liberman, Z., Keysar, B., Kinzler, K. D. (2015). The exposure advantage: Early exposure to a multilingual environment promotes effective communication.Psychological Science,26(7), 1090-1097. Fehric, F., Zekic, S. (2015, April). The Impact of Corporate Communication in the Contemporary Business of Bosnia And Herzegovina. In International OFEL Conference on Governance, Management and Entrepreneurship (p. 910). Centar za istrazivanje i razvoj upravljanja doo. Krum, R. (2013).Cool infographics: Effective communication with data visualization and design. John Wiley Sons. Meuter, R. F., Gallois, C., Segalowitz, N. S., Ryder, A. G., Hocking, J. (2015). Overcoming language barriers in healthcare: A protocol for investigating safe and effective communication when patients or clinicians use a second language.BMC health services research,15(1), 371. Okoro, E. (2012). Cross-cultural etiquette and communication in global business: Toward a strategic framework for managing corporate expansion. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(16), 130. Ross, D. F. (2013). Competing through supply chain management: creating market-winning strategies through supply chain partnerships. Springer Science Business Media. Sandberg, E., Abrahamsson, M. (2010). The role of top management in supply chain management practices. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 38(1), 57-69. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. In Supply chain management and advanced planning (pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Thomson, K., Outram, S., Gilligan, C., Levett-Jones, T. (2015). Interprofessional experiences of recent healthcare graduates: A social psychology perspective on the barriers to effective communication, teamwork, and patient-centred care.Journal of interprofessional care,29(6), 634-640.

MacBeth - Analysis Of Fear Essays - Characters In Macbeth

MacBeth - Analysis of Fear Fear, this motivates us to do many things no matter if they are right or wrong. In the play Macbeth it was fear that was the main motivating factor that influenced the outcome of the play. This can be proved by the subsequent murders that followed after Duncan's, why were these committed? Because Macbeth was scared of being caught and having to pay for the wrongs he had done. Also look at Lady Macbeth, he constant washing of her hands, sleepwalking and other behaviour like this. All done out of fear, and like her husband fear of being caught. The final piece of proof I offer is Macbeth's actions, they were all due to fear, not only of being caught but of the witches' prophecies, he was scared of them coming true and tried to stop them from happening. This whole play was inspired by fear and what it and do to a person. To begin, we'll address Macbeth's subsequent murders, following Duncan's. For Macbeth, he's just killed the King of Scotland and blamed it on his son. It worked and he became King, however he remembered the witches' prophecies. They claimed that Macbeth would be King, but it would be Banquo's children that would follow after him. This made Macbeth very angry, he risked everything to become King and after him none of his family will follow. Only for them; and mine eternal jewel Given to the common enemy of man, To make them kings, the seeds of Banquo kings! [Act III, S I, L 72-75] Here Macbeth realizes that if something is not done to Banquo, then his sons will become King. Macbeth can't have this, he's already worried that his soul will go to hell for what he's already done. His fear become evident in this scene also, "But to be safely thus: our fears in Banquo Stick deep;" [Act III, S I, L 53-54] Macbeth then has Banquo murdered, however his son Fleance escapes in the attack. Next Macduff refuses to accept Macbeth as king and flees to England to join Malcom. And also the witches tell him to beware of Macduff, which angers Macbeth and drives him to kill Macduff's family. More fear of losing the impending battle with England, makes Macbeth start doing anything that will give him an edge in the final battle. Macbeth's fear is starting to consume him, he can no longer sleep and is ravaged by guilt over what he's done. As well Lady Macbeth is being comsumed by fear and guilt, she is slowing losing her sanity. This is a result of her not being able to handle what she has done to Duncan. As shown in this quote Out, damned spot!out,I say!One;Two:why, then 'tis time to do't. Hell is murky. Fie, my lord, fie! a soldier and afeard? What need we fear who knows it, when none can call our power to account? [Act V, S I, L 32-35] Here Lady Macbeth is trying to wash out what she sees as being blood on her hands. As well she mentions hell an obvious fear of going there for what she has done. At the start Lady Macbeth was the one pushing on Macbeth to kill Duncan but as the play goes on she becomes weaker as Macbeth becomes stronger, Macbeth isn't troubled by what he has done to the extent Lady Macbeth is. Her role in the play slowly becomes smaller and smaller as she ends up being driven mad by the guilt and soon can no longer take, and ends up taking her own life hoping that her torment will end now that she is dead. "The Queen, my Lord is dead" [Act V, S 5, L 18], Lady Macbeth takes her life right before the battle against the english is about to begin. This taking of her own life demonstrates her fear and in the end what that fear can do to a person. Now we come to the witches prophecies, these are a main source of fear for Macbeth, after all where has he learned everything from. With each new vision, Macbeth falls deeper and deeper into an evil spiral. From the witches first prediction of Macbeth being king, which made Macbeth kill

Falcons In The Uae Essays - Falconry, Birds Of Prey, Falcon, Shahin

Falcons In The Uae Essays - Falconry, Birds Of Prey, Falcon, Shahin Falcons In The Uae Falconry is the upkeep of falcons. It is a very valued tradition in the UAE. Falconry is a sport that came to UAE many years ago. Poor people and rich people enjoyed it. It was a big part of their life in the desert. People think that it came by the muslim Arabs who went to Byzantine and Persia. The falcon is known as the Saqer. It is very loved by the people because of its beauty and lovely eyes. H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan loves falcons. Falconry is his favourite sport. He says falconry is a port that teaches endurance, strength, and patience. The two main species used for hunting in the UAE are the Saqr falcons (Falco Cherruq) which are brought from other Middle Eastern countries and the Peregrine (Falco Peregrinus) The Saqr is the most popular because it is good for desert hawking. The female Saqr (Al Hurr), which is larger and more powerful is the one which is used more than the male (Garmoush). The female Peregrine (Shahin or Bahri Shahin) is also thought to be better than the male (Shahin Tiba) for hunting purposes. Training falcons requires both courage and patience and it is made possible by the trainer. Ronald Codrai in his book The Seven Sheikhdoms describes the training of falcons as follows: The key to success in falconry is the relationship of falcon and falconer who must exercise patience, skill, and devotion. The ability of a falcon to obey his master is what makes the Arabs like the sport a lot. In the training process, the falcon sits on a round wooden thing like a mushroom which moves. This is called Al Wakr. Or on the trainers hand which is protected from the sharp nails of a falcon by a big cuff which covers his hand, this is called the Mangalah. This is usually made from material which is filled with straw or cloth. This is where the falcon sits. The falcon is held by a two braids of cotton, these are called Al Sabbuq, and they are attached to a leash to make the bird a free to move. Al Burgu is another piece that is used in this sport. It is put on the falcons head too cover his eyes. This is because they have very good eyes and they could see very sharply. They also need to be slowly adjusted to any new environment. Their eyes are covered as a part of the training process. Then they are taken off slowly through showing them slowly the environment around them. Al Mukhlat is the bag in which the trainer hides wrapped up houbara wings or pigeons. These things which are in the bag are used to attract the falcon back to get them. This way of attracting the falcon back is called the tilwah. The wakir is the sitting place of the falcon. It is a long and decorated wooden Stand. On top of it there is a flat padded place for the falcons sharp claws to rest on. When the falcon flies away from the wakir, the end of the long stand, which is down is pushed into the sand where it stays upright. Controlling the falcon is very necessary, especially after making every catch. Light and also strong chains are put on its ankles. These things are called the subuq and are 30 centimeters long. They are very strong and flexible. They are made from nylon. The two ends of these chains are tied together into a short chain. This short chain is then attached to a small ball. These things make the falcon move easier and controls his flying. The whole piece is called the mursel. The falcon shouts yalla and after a second, the falcon with all its power opens his wings and moves them very fast and powerful. Then moves quickly into the sky. As soon as it sees the animal which he is supposed to catch, he quickly chases it. This chase goes on for some time until the gets tired and slows down and at that moment, the falcon flies down quickly and pulls it to the ground. The main animals which the falcon is supposed to catch are

Cost to Taxpayers for Use of Government-Owned Airplanes

Cost to Taxpayers for Use of Government-Owned Airplanes The President of the United States and the Vice President are not the only non-military U.S. government officials who regularly fly on aircraft (Air Force One and Two) owned and operated by the U.S. government at the cost of taxpayers. The U.S. Attorney General and the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) not only fly - for business and pleasure on aircraft owned and operated by the Department of Justice; they are required to do so by executive branch policy. Background: The Justice Department Air Force According to a recent report released by the Government Accountability Office (GAO), the Department of Justice (DOJ) owns, leases and operates a fleet of airplanes and helicopters used by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and the United States Marshals Service (USMS). While many of the DOJs aircraft, including a growing number of unmanned drones, are used for counterterrorism and criminal surveillance, drug smuggling interdiction, and transporting prisoners, other aircraft are used to transport certain executives of the various DOJ agencies for official and personal travel. According to the GAO, the U.S. Marshals Service currently operates 12 aircraft primarily for air surveillance and prisoner transportThe FBI primarily uses its aircraft for mission operations but also operates a small fleet of large-cabin, long-range business jets, including two Gulfstream Vs, for both mission and nonmission travel. These aircraft possess long-range capabilities that enable FBI to conduct long-distance domestic and international flights without the need to stop for refueling. According to the FBI, the DOJ rarely authorizes the use of the Gulfstream Vs for nonmission travel, except for travel by the Attorney General and FBI Director. Who Flies and Why? Travel aboard the DOJs aircraft can be for mission-required purposes or for nonmission purposes - personal travel.Requirements for the use of government aircraft by the federal agencies for travel are established and enforced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the General Services Administration (GSA). Under these requirements, most agency personnel who make personal, nonmission, flights on government aircraft must reimburse the government for the use of the aircraft. But Two Executives Can Always Use Government Aircraft According to the GAO, two DOJ executives, the U.S. Attorney General and the FBI Director, are designated by the President of the United States as required use travelers, meaning they are authorized to travel aboard DOJ or other government aircraft regardless of their trip purpose, including personal travel.Why? Even when they travel for personal reasons, the Attorney General seventh in the line of presidential succession and the FBI Director are required to have special protective services and secure communications while in flight. The presence of top-level government executives and their security details on regular commercial aircraft would be disruptive and increase the potential risk to other passengers.However, DOJ officials told the GAO that until 2011, the FBI Director, unlike the Attorney General, was allowed the discretion to use commercial air service for his personal travel.The Attorney General and the FBI Director are required to reimburse the government for any travel m ade aboard government aircraft for personal or political reasons. Other agencies are allowed to designate required use travelers on a trip-by-trip basis. How Much Does It Cost Taxpayers? The GAOs investigation found that from fiscal years 2007 through 2011, three U.S. Attorneys General Alberto Gonzales, Michael Mukasey and Eric Holder - and FBI Director Robert Mueller made 95% (659 out of 697 flights) of all Department of Justice nonmission-related flights aboard government aircraft at a total cost of $11.4 million.Specifically, notes the GAO, the AG and FBI Director collectively took 74 percent (490 out of 659) of all of their flights for business purposes, such as conferences, meetings, and field office visits; 24 percent (158 out of 659) for personal reasons; and 2 percent (11 out of 659) for a combination of business and personal reasons.According to the DOJ and FBI data reviewed by the GAO, the Attorneys General and the FBI Director fully reimbursed the government for flights made on government aircraft for personal reasons.Of the $11.4 million spent from 2007 through 2011, for flights taken by the Attorneys General and FBI Director, $1.5 million was spent to r elocate the aircraft they used from a secret location to Ronald Reagan National Airport and back. The FBI also uses the unmarked, covert airport to initiate sensitive operations.Except for travel by the Attorney General and the FBI Director, GSA regulations provide that taxpayers should pay no more than necessary for transportation and that travel on government aircraft may be authorized only when a government aircraft is the most cost effective mode of travel, noted the GAO. In general, the agencies are required to book air travel on more cost-effective commercial airlines whenever possible.In addition, the federal agencies are not allowed to consider personal preference or convenience when considering alternative modes of travel. The regulations allow the agencies to use government aircraft for non-mission purposes only when no commercial airline can fulfill the agencys scheduling demands, or when the actual cost of using a government aircraft is the same as or less than the cost of flying on a commercial airline. How Many Airplanes do the Federal Agencies Own? In July 2016, the Government Accountability Office reported that 11 non-military executive branch federal agencies owned 924 aircraft, excluding those that are loaned, leased, or otherwise provided to other entities. The inventory of aircraft included: 495 fixed-wing airplanes,414 helicopters,14 unmanned aircraft systems (drones), and1 glider. The Department of State owned the most aircraft (248), making it the federal government’s largest non-military aviation fleet. The combined 11 agencies reported spending approximately $661 million to use and maintain their owned aircraft in fiscal year 2015. Besides basic transportation, the aircraft are used for a variety of purposes, including law enforcement, scientific research, and firefighting.

Financial Statement report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Statement report - Essay Example The users of financial statements are the various stakeholders of a company that are concerned with the company's performance, progress and position during a financial year. The financial statements should provide useful information to the relevant users and stakeholders of the company with respect to their specific needs. The main users of financial statements and their needs are discussed below: This is the most important group interested in the financial performance, financial position, financial adaptability, cash generation and cash flow status of the company. The shareholders and investors invest their money into the company and need the information from financial statements to asses the company's performance in terms of managing and utilizing their investments and generating profit out of it. The lenders and creditors of a company are interested in the company's position in terms of liquidity and solvency. The financial statements of a company should provide relevant information to its various lenders and creditors so as to enable them to analyze the company's ability to pay its short and long-term liabilities and obligations. The regulatory authorities and government agencies are concerned with the full and clear disclosure of information in the company's financial statements. The government ensures that the company prepares the financial statements in the light of relevant rules and regulations. ... The disclosure of relevant information can strengthen the customer trust in the company. General Public and Analysts General public and analysts could be considered as the company's prospective investors or they may approach the company's financial statements to provide the information regarding the company's investment and profitability potential to the investors. They are concerned with the company's financial position and performance to analyze the future prospects of the company. INTERNAL USERS Management The company's management is also among the major users of financial statements. They need to draw useful information from the financial statements in order to realize the company's revenues and their share in the company's profitability. Apart from that, they also need information from financial statements to analyze the result of their performance throughout the year and make provisions regarding the future. Employees The employees are also the internal users of the company's financial statements. They are the one contributing their efforts in the company's performance and profitability. They need information from financial statements to evaluate how the company is compensating them for their efforts as compared to its overall profitability. NECESSARY QUALITIES FOR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The financial statements should contain the following qualities so as to provide maximum useful information to the various stakeholders of the company: Understandability The financial statements should be readable and understandable for all its targeted users. All the information and disclosures included in the financial statements should be well-presented to help the

Modern Organizations and Accounting System Research Paper

Modern Organizations and Accounting System - Research Paper Example It is vital because it systematizes the whole process. Without having proper accounting system, it is impossible to run business either small or big. Every type of organization needs to have check and balance on their financial statements (Eisen, 2000). One thing that should be clearly mentioned here is that the modernized accounting system has not changed the business purpose and principles but it has only changed the mechanism. In other words, it could be said that the method of performing accounting functions have become more advantageous. Early accounting reports have shown major errors in calculations and illegal actions by the practitioners. It is due to this reason that the need of modernized and computerized accounting system arose. Earlier, great loses of money and reputation of the organizations was noted because of lack of accounting systems (Eisen, 2000). In addition, it affected economies of countries as in whole. Modernized Accounting System and Change in Organizations: In order to understand the difference in modern organizations that has taken place because of advanced accounting system we need to compare current accounting system with the old one. ... In addition, it has been noticed that it is very difficult to maintain records safely because of greater man made errors or mistakes. Secondly, if files of records or data are lost than in such circumstances, businesses have to suffer from loss or face penalties (Previts, 2006). Therefore, the need of establishing newer accounting method was felt by accountants and other professionals at business to have alternative methods of dealing with numbers and financial statistics of the organization. Modern technology has played an important role in keeping records of numbers, in generating different methods of solving mathematical equations in more accurate and efficient way. Modernized systems were predicted to have a profound effect on the working of organizations as it helped in efficient work process (Merlene, 2010). Introduction to advanced technology and the use of modernized system in the department of accounts has brought tremendous change in the mechanism of accounting procedures. First and foremost, prominent change that has been observed is that modern technology has quickened the working process for accounting functions and capital consumption. It has made availability of financial information much faster and easier, understanding the use of information in proper way with the use of modern technology has made it straightforward for the business people to make good and beneficial decisions on correct time to increase productivity (Merlene, 2010). Now reports are generated just by clicking few buttons instead of wasting more time on preparing reports manually. Similarly, paying high wages to employees companies are currently using centralized controlled

Strengths of the biological model Essay Example for Free

Strengths of the biological model Essay Anti-depressants usually take a few weeks to have an effect and divided into three classes the first being Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which include phenelzine (Nardil), the second are Tricyclics which include amitriptyline (Elavil) and have generally have fewer side effects than the monoamine oxidase inhibitors and the third class are Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which are the newest class of antidepressants, include paroxetine (Paxil), fluoxetine (Prozac), and sertraline (Zoloft). Antidepressants are typically prescribed for depression, anxiety, phobias and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and Tricyclics increase the level of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain whilst Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors increase the level of serotonin only. Whilst antidepressants are not addictive, they often have side effects such as headache, dry mouth, constipation, nausea, weight gain, and feelings of restlessness. Of the three classes of antidepressants, MAOIs generally have the most side effects, many people who take MAOIs also have to restrict their diet, because MAOIs interact negatively with foods that contain the amino acid tyramine, such as beer and some cheeses and meats. SSRIs have fewer side effects than the other two classes of antidepressants. However, SSRIs can cause sexual dysfunction and if they are discontinued abruptly, withdrawal symptoms occur. Antipsychotic Drugs: Antipsychotic drugs are mainly used to treat mental health conditions such as schizophrenia and other psychoses, agitation, severe anxiety, mania and violent or dangerously impulsive behaviour. They include chlorpromazine (Thorazine), thioridazine (Mellaril) and haloperidol (Haldol) and usually begin to take effect a few days after they are administered. Antipsychotic drugs reduce sensitivity to irrelevant stimuli by limiting the activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Many antipsychotic drugs are most useful for treating positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and delusions. However, a new class of antipsychotic drugs, called atypical antipsychotic drugs also help treat the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. They reduce the activity of both dopamine and serotonin. Atypical antipsychotic drugs include clozapine (Clozaril), olanzapine (Zyprexa), and quetiapine (Seroquel). Atypical antipsychotic drugs can sometimes be effective for schizophrenia patients who have not responded to the older antipsychotic drugs, however side effects include drowsiness, constipation, dry mouth, tremors, muscle rigidity and coordination problems. These side effects often make people stop taking the medications and this frequently results in a relapse of schizophrenia. A more serious side effect is tardive dyskinesia, a usually permanent neurological condition characterized by involuntary movements. To avoid tardive dyskinesia the dosage of antipsychotics has to be carefully monitored. The atypical antipsychotics have fewer side effects than the older antipsychotic drugs and are less likely to cause tardive dyskinesia. In addition, relapse rates are lower if people continue to take the drug. However, the relapse rate is higher with these drugs if people discontinue the drug as they assume they are now well and therefore do not need to take them. Lithium: One drug used in the treatment of bipolar disorders is lithium, it prevents mood swings in people with bipolar disorders. Researchers have suggested that lithium may affect the action of norepinephrine or glutamate. As with all drugs there are side effects, lithium can cause tremors or long-term kidney damage in some people. Doctors must carefully monitor the level of lithium in a patient’s blood. A level that is too low is ineffective, and a level that is too high can be toxic. Discontinuing lithium treatment abruptly can increase the risk of relapse. Recently developed alternatives to lithium include the drugs carbamazepine (Tegretol) and divalproex (Depakote). Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): ECT is a treatment for a small number of severe mental illnesses. It was originally developed in the 1930s and was used widely during the 1950s and 1960s for a variety of conditions. It is now clear that ECT should only be used in a smaller number of more serious conditions. ECT consists of passing an electrical current through the brain to produce an epileptic fit – hence the name, electro-convulsive. The idea developed from the observation that, in the days before there was any kind of effective medication, some people with depression or schizophrenia, and who also had epilepsy, seemed to feel better after having a fit. Research suggests that the effect is due to the fit rather than the electrical current. Electrodes are placed on the patient’s head over the temporal lobes of the brain. Anaesthetics and muscle relaxants help minimize discomfort to the patient, while an electric current is delivered for about one second. The patient has a convulsive seizure and becomes unconscious, awakening after about an hour. The typical number of ECT sessions varies from six to twenty, and they are usually done while a patient is hospitalized. The National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) have looked in detail at the use of ECT and have recommended that it should be used only in depression, resistant mania or catatonia. They say ECT should be considered for acute treatment of severe depression that is life threatening and when a rapid response is required, or when other treatments have failed. It should not be used routinely in moderate depression, but should be considered for people with moderate depression if their depression has not responded to multiple drug treatments and psychological treatment. Psychosurgery: As a last resort when drugs and ECT have failed psychosurgery is an option, it basically involves either cutting out brain nerve fibres or burning parts of the nerves that are thought to be involved in the disorder while the patient is conscious. The most common form of psychosurgery is a prefrontal lobotomy. Unfortunately these operations have a nasty tendency to leave the patient vegetablised or ‘numb’ with a flat personality, shuffling movements etc. due to their inaccuracy. Antà ³nio Egas Moniz discovered the lobotomy in 1935 after successfully snatching out bits of chimpanzee’s brains. It didn’t take long for him to get the message that his revolutionary treatment was not so perfect, in 1944 a rather dissatisfied patient called his name in the street and shot him in the spine, paralysing him for life. As a consolation he received the Nobel prize for his contribution to science in 1949.Surgery is used only as a last resort where the patient has failed to respond to other forms of treatment and their disorder is very severe. This is because all surgery is risky and the effects of neurosurgery can be unpredictable and there may be no benefit to the patient and the effects are irreversible. Strengths of the biological model: The main strength of the model is that drugs have been successfully used to treat a wide variety of mental disorders, they have allowed people the chance to live independently and as normal life as possible without having to stay in hospital which prior to drug treatment was the only option. Where other therapies have failed, drugs have been successful, it has revolutionised the treatment of people with schizophrenia. Drugs have helped people improve sufficiently to allow psychotherapy and allow them a chance to gain insight into their illness. Drugs have also removed the stigma surrounding people with mental health issues so they are not blamed for being ill or accused of being possessed. Another strength of the biological approach is that it is very scientific, as the experiments used are measurable, objective and can be repeated to test for reliability. Also, the researcher has more control over the variables which is evident in Selyes study of rats which led to him developing the theory of General Adaptation Syndrome. The biological approach is also deterministic and increases the likelihood of being able to treat people with mental issue and provides explanations about the causes of behaviour, this understanding can then be used to improve peoples lives. Weaknesses: One of the major weaknesses of the model is the side effects associated with drug or chemotherapy, as previously mentioned when outlining the different classes of drugs available. Most of these drugs can also cause dependency where people cannot cope without them and in some cases tolerance where the drugs actually have little or no effect. It’s also important to note that some other therapies may be ignored as busy doctors will prescribe medication rather than seek alternative means of helping the patient cope, in some cases people suffering from the stresses of daily life may be prescribed medication when exercise or relaxation could be more effective. Drug therapy also does not work for everyone such as people suffering from negative symptoms of schizophrenia where they have motivation or as it is more commonly known as Flatness of affect Another weakness of the biological model is that it focuses too much on the nature side of the nature v nurture debate. It argues that behaviour is caused by hormones, neurotransmitters and genetics. One theory is that schizophrenia is genetic, however, Bouchard and McGue (1981) twin studies show that it is not completely genetic and the environment has a part to play. Another weakness of the biological approach is that it develops theories about disorders and generalises them to apply to everyone. It does not take into account the view that humans are unique. An example of this is that General Adaptation Syndrome assumes that everyone responds in the same way to stress but does not take into account that some people have more support than others. Szasz criticised drug treatment as inappropriate, rather people had a problem with living and therefore pills weren’t the solution. Conclusion: Whilst all the approaches have been criticised, they all offer some form of therapy which has positive benefits for the patient and more importantly in some cases have worked hand in hand with other therapies to help people live better lives. None of them can be overlooked as they are beneficial to some extent. References: McLeod, S. A. (2010). Behavioral Therapy. Retrieved from  http://www.simplypsychology.org

a story :: essays research papers

A story about Chinese spirits From Classical Chinese Talkes of the Supernatural Summary: In this story Huang Yuan wakes up one morning to find a black dog guarding his house and acting like it belonged there. So Huang took the dog hunting with him and his friends. When they saw a deer, Huang let the dog loose but the dog ran too slowly and they were not able to catch the deer. Then the dog led them to a cave. After walking a bit inside the cave there were lots of trees in rows surrounded by a wall. The dog led Huang through the gate and there was a row of houses. He noticed that every single person in the ‘village’ were attractive well dressed girls. All of the girls were occupied in some sort of amusing leisurely activity: some were playing instruments and others were playing chess. After reaching the northern pavilion, Huang came across three rooms, there were two girls standing guard who smiled when they saw him as though they were expecting him. They said that the black dog had brought Miao-yin’s groom. One kept guard outside, the other went in and a few minutes later four maids came out. They told Huang that the Lady of Supreme Purity had this message for him: â€Å"I have a young daughter who has just pinned up her hair. According to a preordained decree, she should become your wife† (As noted in the footnotes, at 15 girls would pin up their hair to signify their coming of age). So Huang met Miao-yin in a magical looking room where he was impressed by her beauty and charm, they did the marriage vows and went to bed happily together that night. In a few days the groom wanted to go home to see his family and tell them what happened for a little while. His bride is sad b/c she lets him know that men and spirits have different ways of life and that they were not meant to be together for long. She lets him go, and tells him that the fact she will never see him again makes her love him all the more. She asked him that he show his feelings for her by fasting, purifying and making sacrifice on the first day of the third month. He was home before the end of one day after being escorted out of the cave by maids, however his memory was a little foggy.

Police Operations Essay

There are many types of Police operations. Policing in general has a wide range of different kinds of strategies and areas. To begin with one of the most important, in my opinion in police operations is the dangers of policing. The main principle that contributes to policing in general is the danger that comes with this sort of job. As police officers they are putting their lives at risk each and every single day. They are never certain of what will happen. The minute they start their duty they can encounter all sorts of problems with all sorts of people. They deal with some of the most violent people and not to mention dangerous people as well. There have been numerous occasions in when officers have lost their lives after responding to a crime call. It happens very often, these officers are never guaranteed that they will be safe when the respond to a crime call. The dangerous of policing can start as simply as pulling someone over for running a stop sign or simply for a light they have off, or a suspended license registration. Over all, the reason for an individual getting pulled over in unbearable. Bottom line is that if an individual gets pulled over for any of the above mentioned reasons does not mean that the person is not capable of having a criminal background, a warrant, or violent past. When officers pullover an individual they really have no clue what kind of person they are about to encounter. As officers it is very important that they are cautious and alert at all times. There have been stories when officers respond to calls and the individual retaliates on the officer, this issue has cost officers life in the past. It is a very unfortunate situation but that is the job as a police officer. The dangers that cause over half of all police deaths are traffic incidents. In 2009, 56 officers died in the line of duty by traffic incidents. According to data from the National Law Enforcement Officers  Memorial Fund reported traffic remains the largest cause of death for 12 years running. In 2009, 47 officers died by intentional gunfire up 24% from the previous year and gunf ire claimed the lives of 38 officers. These are the two major cause of death in policing and an increasing concern for different tactics which require more effective means, such as body armor for example. (Keating, M.2012). Police operations are extremely demanding activities that challenge policemen by strict load, working memory, and fast rational thinking. Such activities should never be underestimated as human life is in jeopardy every time police operations take place. Police operations task demands are to great extent dependable on task complexity due to the fact that the performance becomes better when the task is less complicated and may get worse during difficult tasks Although the latter challenges human factor in terms of intellectual intensity, time pressure, and enormous responsibility, it does develop profound professional skills if only thorough training aimed at self-discipline and self-organization is carried out. Dangers of policing Each day an officer awakes to go to work his or her life is in danger. The dangers can range from getting into a car wreck on the way to work, while responding to a call, poor nutrition, assaulted on the scene of a call, and from handling of apprehend suspects. Driving is part on an officer’s daily duty; however, that does not make him or her immune to a car crash. Physical harm is one of the greatest dangers to any and all police officers. An officer could be assaulted or attacked by an armed criminal at any time or place. A lack of adequate back up is another prime example of a dangerous situation for a police officer. Although a police officer should not pursue any situation in which he or she is widely outnumbered, and without back up, this is always a possibility. (Copblock.org 2010). Police officers never know when a person will attack, so transporting a person to a jail or prison can be a very dangerous position to be in. Not only do police officers have to pay attentio n to what they are doing but also must be aware of the other hundreds of vehicles to who they are sharing the roadway. When an officer gets into a police chase, the likelihood of a wreck increases significantly. Therefore, an officer must have a valid reason to initiate a car chase.  Another danger to an officer is the issue of his or her health. Police officers normally work rotating shifts and eat large amounts of fast food. The rotating shift alone can make someone’s health fail, let alone adding the fast food to it. Shift work can have terrible effects on one’s circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythms, also known as the body’s internal clock, are a 24-hour cycle. The rise of the sun and nightfall affects the rhythms (Copblock.org 2010). When the rhythm is interrupted by rotating shifts, this can cause sleep disorders and very unhealthy eating patterns. Another danger would be that both police workers and officers experience various tasks, interpersonal and physical demands during police operations that the majority of ordinary people never come across at their work or in their families. These requirements and stressors negatively influence a physical and psychological condition that may lead to more serious physical or mental damage or interruption. Role and physical demands for policemen can develop a condition of constant overload called hyper stress. Typically, the number of queries concerns and emergency calls exceeds the time assigned to a particular police worker. Therefore, not only is the quality of the time given to each separate case and that’s why each case at risk, the mental and physical condition of the police worker is in constant jeopardy. Regarding investigators, they experience heavy caseloads for which they are expected to follow prescribed case management criteria. Also, they find themselves within very limited time framework set by prosecutors who may keep them under the pressure to finish the process as fast as they possibly can, so that the case can reach the trial. Insomnia or permanent tiredness is often caused by hyper stress, as well as weight loss /gain and different degrees of impairment of mental processes. On the contrary, hypo stress may emerge from input under loads for police workers who work a 3rd shift and accept few or calls during night hours. One of the most influential task demands is resistance to stress and ability to cope with sudden interruptions. Experts say that highly indicated factors may have negative effect on police operations outcome as they develop more frequent forgetting on the planned action. Also the activity of working memory is very vulnerable to all external factors accepted by the human body through sight, hearing, smell, etc. Less than Lethal weapons Less-Lethal weapons defined as weapons or any devices that are intended to be less likely to kill a living target than are traditional weapons. Such weapons are also termed as non-lethal weapons, less-than-lethal weapons, non-deadly weapons, compliance weapons, or pain-inducing weapons. Non-lethal weapons may be used in circumstances where conventional weapons are restricted or lethal force is prohibited or undesirable. (USLegal.com 2012). They are also used in combat situations to limit the escalation of conflict. According to California standards, these weapon includes the frame or receiver of any weapon described as but does not include any of the following unless the part or weapon has been converted as described in subdivision as any device that is designed to or that has been converted to expel or propel less lethal ammunition by any action, mechanism, or process for the purpose of incapacitating, immobilizing, or stunning a human being through the infliction of any less than l ethal impairment of physical condition, function, or senses, including physical pain or discomfort. For example, non-lethal weapons may be a destructive devise, tear gas, a bow or cross bow, or something as simple as a slingshot. Technology used in policing The rate of technological change in recent years is so fast that one could reasonably suggest that the top 10 jobs 10 years from now, those jobs might not even exist today. (Schultz, P. D. 2008). Technology is changing the way police departments operate, how criminals are processed, how crimes are investigated, and how trials follow through. Technologies funded today were not even common knowledge just a few years ago. Some technology that police use to assist them with crime investigations start with the very car or vehicle they drive. From crime lights to in-car camera systems, to having an on-board computer right at the disposal of the officer has changed the way the police follow through with crimes. When a crime has been process the evidence goes to the forensic labs where technology of today and the future shows its face. The technology that the labs use today and possible will enhance as the years go by are anything from Photo enhancement systems, graffiti cameras, thermal imaging, and the ability to search for individuals using finger prints and DNA samples. On the other hand, the use of thermal imagers can assist police officers with drug and marijuana arrests. Sometimes even the use of a K9 unit is sometimes used to  assist in drug arrests. The next other forms of technology that are used to process and assist police officers is the CIRS Criminal Investigations Records Systems) which are used to search, match and identify any suspect that the police seem fit. Radios are almost always used with any officer both on the streets and in the car. The radio allows the officer to stay in contact with other officers, call for back up, signal for help, and request a transfer of a suspect. Some other technology that are sometimes used are lasers, mainly used for terroristic threats and attacks, language translators, that are used for the many citizens who speak other languages, Cameras for K9 Units, an automatic license plate recognition, and finally a global positioning devise.( Schultz, P. D. 2008) Issues of Homeland Security and law enforcement relationships Many people in all levels of the government are now taking a hard look at how best to protect their communities from terrorism and crime. (Cooke, L. G., & Hahn, L. R. 2006). Following the terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001, a revolution has been underway in the relationships of federal, state, and local homeland security, law enforcement, and intelligence organizations. At the federal level, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has been created, the â€Å"wall† between law enforcement and intelligence has been nearly obliterated, some law enforcement organizations are being directed to become more like intelligence agencies, and the foreign intelligence community is being fundamentally reformed. Right now public law enforcement is facing a major crisis, with the activation of military reservists, which hurt police staffing, jurisdictions lack resources to hire additional officers, and local communities, cities, countries, and states face tight budgets. (Cooke, L. G., & Hahn, L. R. 2006) Although there are many problems in the homeland security, the police officers still manage to keep a solid relationship with the community. By keeping those safe from crime, and keeping crime off the streets, and developing relationship with the citizens of the community, our society will once again be able to battle the war of crime. The Future of Policing Some police forces believe that 20 years from now they will operate much as they do today, but advances in technology and operating concepts are driving  significant changes in day-to-day police operations. The potential visions of the future of policing, based on the concept of jurisdiction, technology, and threat, and include concrete steps for implementation. This idea is based on a review of policing methods and theories from the 19th century to the present day. Recommendations include educating personnel and leaders to build internal support for change, transitioning to share technical platforms, and leveraging winning technologies. Because criminals will also use new technology that becomes available, the key to the future of policing will not be the technology itself; it will be the ways in which police forces adapt the technology to their needs. Conclusion There are many types of Police operations. Policing in general has a wide range of different kinds of strategies and areas. All of which are used today to keep our streets and community safe from crime and terrorism. There are many different kinds of relationships in which police officers have with the community to this day, in order for the community to assist the police in any way they can. The use of technology that is used with in the many different branches of police, military and government are all sign that paint the way to the future of what the police force and military and government will become as the years go by into the future. References Cooke, L. G., & Hahn, L. R. (2006, November). The Missing Link in Homeward Security. Retrieved from http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display_arch&article_id=1048&issue_id=112006 Keating, M. (2012). Big Drop in Police deaths last year. Retrieved from http://govpro.com/public_safety/law/poice-deaths-low-20100112 Schultz, P. D. (2008, June). Technology in Police Departments. Retrieved from http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display&article_id=1527&issue_id=62008 USLegal.com. (2012). Less-lethal weapon law & legal definition. Retrieved from http://definitions.unlegal.com/I/less-lethal-weapon/ Copblock.org. (2010, September 13). How dangerous is Police Work? Retrieved from http://www.copblock.org/923/how-dangerous-is-police-work/

A Farewell to Sexism and The Female Also Rises Essay

Ernest Hemingway has a reputation of being a complete misogynist. People have analyzed his books, specifically A Farewell to Arms and The Sun Also Rises, and attacked him for being sexist towards the main female roles, Catherine Barkley and Lady Brett Ashley. Other analysts argue that Catherine and Brett are strong female lead roles. Through these two characters, Hemingway disproves the misogynist and sexist analysts and presents readers with independent female roles. A characteristic of sexism towards women include showing their dependence, including the inability to think by themselves. In A Farewell to Arms, Frederic asks Catherine to kiss her and she replies no. If Catherine was so dependent and couldn’t think on her own, she wouldn’t have refused Frederic’s affection. Catherine also asks Frederic if he loves her and she calls him out for lying and goes on to say â€Å"You don’t have to pretend to love me† (Hemingway, 31). This shows that she thinks and is not blinded by her emotions and is able to realize that he is lying to her. In The Sun Also Rises, Lady Brett Ashley does whatever she wants. She is incredibly promiscuous and parties all the time with the guys. Most women during the World War I time sat home in the kitchen and took care of the kiddos rather than having a drink with the guys. Instead, after she hooked up with Romero and Cohn got jealous and beat him up, she scolded Cohn. Not many women would yell at a guy during the World War I period. This just further shows her independence and her ability to think by herself. Critics argue that Catherine is â€Å"merely a male fantasy† (Shmoop Editorial Team). They have good evidence in saying that and they argue that Catherine â€Å"gives up her own identity to get Frederic to love her. † They use her quote about religion, â€Å"You’re my religion. You’re all I’ve got† (Hemingway), and her quote about herself, â€Å"There isn’t any me. I’m you. Don’t make up a separate me† (Hemingway). But what those critics aren’t seeing is that Catherine is just a romantic woman. She is very lonely and desperately wants a deep, beautiful love after seeing all the deaths and wounded soldiers around her. Her wanting to be one with Frederic is completely justified. According to the Shmoop Editorial Team, critic Sandra Whipple Spanier says â€Å"that her willingness to love Frederic entirely is heroic because it saves her from going crazy with grief. When everything is exploding all around you, everything takes on more urgency. It’s normal that she feels so intensely for Frederic and that she thinks of unusual and even poetic ways to express this love. † It’s not Hemingway’s misogyny that is making him portray Catherine this way; it’s just the toll that the war has on her. More proof of independence in Catherine is that when she and Frederic are apart, she just keeps working and getting through the days without him. She does not need him to get through the day and that just proves her to be a strong, independent woman. Another thing that sets her apart from sexist characteristics is her complex thoughts on marriage. This complexity is shown through â€Å"her conflict between not following the social norms she doesn’t care about and conforming to such norms because doing so makes life easier† (Shmoop Editorial Team). She tells Frederic that her and her Fiance, that has died, were engaged for eight years because if they got married she thought he’d be trapped. When Frederic brings up getting married, she just plays it off like they’re already practically married and why fix something that’s not broken? She only begins to change her mind after her pregnancy. Hemingway also disproves the critics when he aligns the significance of rain during the war to Catherine. Even though rain can be seen as a symbol of spring and rebirth, Catherine sees it differently and associates it with death and gloom (Shmoop Editorial Team). When Frederic asks her why she is afraid of the rain she states that â€Å"It’s very hard on loving† (Hemingway), â€Å"I’m afraid of the rain because sometimes I see me dead in it† (Hemingway), and â€Å"And sometimes I see you dead in it† (Hemingway). According to Shmoop, the rain makes soldiers more prone to injury and they did research to find out why Catherine would say that rain is â€Å"hard on loving†. They found that her fiance died during the Battle of Somme, which was rainy so she associated the rain with death. By her thinking this way and being able to associate the rain with death and gloom, it proves that Hemingway made Catherine out to be a complex character. Hemingway also makes Catherine and Lady Brett Ashley strong and totally throws away the â€Å"females are weak and emotionally unstable† stereotype. First and foremost, Catherine is a World War I nurse at an overseas hospital. She takes care of soldiers that are, most of the time, fatally wounded. The reason she does this is because her fiance was killed in battle. Instead of crumbling after his death, she pulls through and does something that will benefit more people after a tragic event in her life. If Hemingway was so sexist, he would have made her kill herself like Shakespeare does to his weak female characters after tragedy strikes their lives. According to the Shmoop Editorial Team, Hemingway parallels the death of the soldiers during battle to Catherine’s death, stating that â€Å"Like the soldiers who stood brave in the face of battle, Catherine stood brave in the face of a battle with her own body. † Hemingway also showed some strength in Lady Brett Ashley from The Sun Also Rises, when she was not sickened by the bull fighting like â€Å"the typical woman†. In A Farewell to Arms and The Sun Also Rises, Hemingway provides readers with two strong, independent female characters that are incredibly admirable for women. By Hemingway showing Catherine’s strength and diverse way of thinking throughout World War I and Lady Brett Ashley’s ability to â€Å"be one of the guys† and speak out for herself, he challenges his critics and proves that he is not the misogynist that people claim him to be. Works Cited Hemingway, Ernest. A Farewell to Arms. New York: Scribner, 1957. Print. 16 Feb. 2014. Shmoop Editorial Team. â€Å"Catherine Barkley in A Farewell to Arms. † Shmoop. com. Shmoop University, Inc. , 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 16 Feb. 2014.

White Fang †Book Review

White Fang – Book Review Free Online Research Papers White Fang is a Fictional story that was written by Jack London. This book is based in the late 1800’s, in the Canadian territory of Yukon, during the Klondike Gold Rush. I decided to read this book because I thought I would be something that interested me. Which it did I enjoyed reading this book not only because you never knew what was going to happen next and it kept you wanting to know the out come. The book starts off w/ two stories that eventually come together as one. White Fang, who is  ¾ wolf and  ¼ dog, has a lot of challenges after his mother is taken from him when he was just a puppy. He has to deal with people that never show him affection, to cruel people who hurt him till he finally finds someone who loves him and treats him good and takes care of him but he is put threw a lot before he gets there. He starts off living with Grey Beaver who took his mother from him and when he tried to follow and go with his mother he was beaten to learn what grey beaver thought was a lesson. Grey Beaver is an Indian who used white fang as a working dog. Mit-sah who was Grey beaver son was in charge of training white fang to be a working dog, so from the time he was a puppy they trained him to work. Later on Grey Beaver gets an alcohol addiction and one day trades white fang just so he can get some whiskey. Beauty Smith who traded White fang using trickery and alcohol was a cruel man and wanted white fang because he thought he could make him money by being in dog fights. He was very mean to white fang because he wanted to make him vicious so he would jab in with a stick and leave him in a small cage and not feed him. Soon he got him to where he was a vicious animal that no one could be around and he had him fighting and killing dogs. One day white fang was fighting a bulldog named Cherokee, and it was the first dog that had dominated white fang and almost killed him until a man named Weedon Scott came in and broke it up. He then pays Smith off and threatens to have him thrown in jail and then takes white fang with him. Weedon Scott is a patient and compassionate man who is from southern California. He takes white fang with him to be his dog but it takes a while for white fang to warm up to him because he is so used to being beaten and abused that he is still a vicious dog. After time with Scotts compassion towards white fang he soon learns to appreciate a human being and show them love and affection. Soon Weedon Scott realizes he must return home to California. Since he knows he can’t take white fang back with him he leaves him in the cabin. When they arrive to the ship to go home they see white fang sitting on the deck and figure he must have jumped out the window and followed them and snuck on the boat. Then Scott realizes the dedication that white fang has towards him so he decides just to take him home with him. Once the get to California they can tell white fang is very nervous because he is hearing new sounds and seeing things he has never seen before when he was in the wild. He had a lot of problems at first because things he could once do he couldn’t anymore. He soon warmed up to the family and got used to be a domesticated dog. Research Papers on White Fang - Book ReviewBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Spring and AutumnWhere Wild and West MeetThe Hockey GameThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsCapital PunishmentHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Essay19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionQuebec and Canada

Summary of the Medea Tragedy by Euripides

Summary of the Medea Tragedy by Euripides The plot of the Greek poet Euripides Medea tragedy is convoluted and messy, rather like its antihero, Medea. It was first performed at the Dionysian Festival in 431 BCE, where it famously won third (last) prize against entries by Sophocles and Euphorion. In the opening scene, the nurse/narrator tells us that Medea and Jason have lived together for some time as husband and wife in Corinth, but theirs is a troubled union. Jason and Medea met at Colchis, where King Pelias had sent him to capture the magical golden fleece from Medeas father King Aaetes. Medea saw and fell in love with the handsome young hero, and so, despite her fathers desire to retain possession of the precious object, helped Jason to escape. The couple fled first Medeas Colchis, and then after Medea was instrumental in the death of King Pelias at Iolcos, fled that region, finally arriving at Corinth. Medea Is Out, Glauce Is In At the opening of the play, Medea and Jason are already the parents of two children during their life together, but their domestic arrangement is about to end. Jason and his father-in-law-to-be, Creon, tell Medea that she and her children must leave the country so that Jason may marry Creons daughter Glauce in peace. Medea is blamed for her own fate and told that if she hadnt behaved like a jealous, possessive woman, she could have remained in Corinth. Medea asks for and is granted one days reprieve, but King Creon is fearful, and rightly so. During that one days time, Medea confronts Jason. He retaliates, blaming Medeas banishment on her own temper. Medea reminds Jason of what she has sacrificed for him and what evil she has done on his behalf. She reminds him that since she is from Colchis and is, therefore, a foreigner in Greece and without a Greek mate, she will not be welcome anywhere else. Jason tells Medea that he has given her enough already, but that he will recommend her to the care of his friends (and he has many as witnessed by the gathering of the Argonauts). Jasons Friends and Medeas Family Jasons friends need not be bothered because as it turns out Aegeus of Athens arrives and agrees that Medea may find refuge with him. With her future assured, Medea turns to other matters. Medea is a witch. Jason knows this, as do Creon and Glauce, but Medea seems appeased. She presents a wedding gift to Glauce of a dress and crown, and Glauce accepts them. The theme of poisoned clothing should be familiar to those who know of  the death of Hercules. When Glauce puts on the robe it burns her flesh. Unlike Hercules, she immediately dies. Creon dies, too, trying to help his daughter. Although thus far, Medeas motives and reactions seem at least understandable, then Medea does the unspeakable. She slaughters her own two children. Her revenge comes when she witnesses Jasons horror as she flies off to Athens in the chariot of the sun god Helios (Hyperion), her ancestor.

Effects on Wealth in Lopburi Province Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Effects on Wealth in Lopburi Province - Essay Example Disparities occur when some areas experience rapid development and progress but some areas do not. Thus, the under-developed area has to experience a significantly lower standard of living. In recent years, there have been many international organizations and trading blocs that have become the main source of support and aid in the development of the economy. This paper is dedicated to research the effectiveness in the reduction of disparities in wealth that the operation of the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) organization provides to Thailand. This is a country where there are significant disparities between standards of living. The GINI coefficient index in 2009 showed that 42.6% of Thai people had a lower standard of living compared to 36% in the UK1. This interested me about what has been done to reduce this global issue. In order to find out how beneficial the scheme of the ASEAN Free Trade Area is, I chose to focus on the local scale of exports of agricultural products produced and traded in a local province of Thailand. I decided upon Lopburi, which is a province the central part of the country. I will begin by giving an overview of the principles of ASEAN and AFTA. Next, I will move to an analysis of the Thai economy. Finally, I will prove the benefits it provides to the farmers, especially those who live in Lopburi, by analyzing the statistical social and economic information on the reduction of disparities in income.